The reaction $CH_3COOH + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{P} ClCH_2COOH + HCl$ is called

Which of the following compounds on reaction with excess $CH_3MgBr$ and subsequent hydrolysis will give a tertiary alcohol?

Carboxylic acids are easily ionised. What is the main reason for this statement?

Consider the following molecules $:$
$(p) \ CH_3-CH_2-COCl$
$(q) \ CH_3-CH_2-CO-O-COCH_3$
$(r) \ CH_3-CH_2-CO-OCH_2-CH_3$
$(s) \ CH_3-CH_2-CONH_2$
The correct order of rate of hydrolysis is $:$

$CCl_4$ $\xrightarrow{Aq. KOH} A$ $\xrightarrow[ii) H_3O^+]{i) CH_3MgBr} B$
Which of the following is correct about $B$?

Identify the compounds $A$,$B$,and $C$ in the following reaction sequence:
$CH_3-Br$ $\xrightarrow{Mg, \text{Ether}} [A]$ $\xrightarrow[(ii) \text{Water}]{(i) CO_2} [B]$ $\xrightarrow{CH_3OH, H^+} [C]$